Why would you go with 9mm over .223/5.56? The rifle is going to have better stopping power and, as previously stated, is LESS of an overpenetration issue than pistol calibers.
Firing an SBR in an enclosed space is always going to be unpleasant (to say the least) and will absolutely cause permanent ear damage. Shooting a rifle/shotgun outside is more than loud enough to cause permanent ear damage, and inside is going to be louder than outside. Even with a suppressor, firing supersonic ammunition is not "hearing safe". My point being that unless you are shooting subsonic ammo, I don't think there would be much of a difference between .223/5.56 suppressed and 9mm suppressed; they are both going to hurt, and are both going to cause permanent damage. Now if we leave off the suppressor, it would be a different story.
The OP stated they would preferably suppress the weapon, and in this case I see no good reason not to go with .225/5.56.